1. Promote the excretion of sodium and water
Diuretics promote the excretion of sodium and water through their diuretic effect, reduce blood volume, mainly alleviate cardiac preload, and alleviate systemic congestion and pulmonary congestion.
2. Reduce cardiac afterload
The promoting effect of diuretics on Na+excretion reduces the reverse exchange of Na+- Ca2+in vascular smooth muscle cells, enhances the positive exchange of Na+- Ca2+, reduces intracellular Ca2+, and leads to a decrease in vascular wall tension, peripheral resistance, reduced cardiac afterload, and increased cardiac output.
3. Prevent myocardial remodeling
The elevation of aldosterone in chronic heart failure can cause low magnesium, low potassium, activation of sympathetic nervous system, inhibition of parasympathetic nervous system, and synergistically affect myocardial structure and function with angiotensin II.
